Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy.

However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. (English) Copyright of History Studies (13094688) is the property of History Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. In this respect, Pan-Islamism - as it was in Tanzimat Reform Era and in Constitutional Monarchy Period - takes effect through race discussions in Domestic Policy and based on global and regional developments in Foreign Politics today. Collapse of USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) occurred in global and regional scale, European Union Process, events in the Middle East revived Pan-Islamism in Turkey.

Pan-Islamism survived within Nationalism in Republic Period and continued “National Vision” down from 1970s. Pan-Islamism Policy showed up as a factor of political need in Abdulhamit II Period and it was used as an effective factor in Foreign Politics. Nevertheless, the Project of creating Muslim Community didn’t become successful in Empire. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yusuf Akçura, Üç Tarz- Siyaset, Osmanllk, slamclk, Türkçülük THOUGHTS ON THE ARTICLE, BY YUSUF AKÇURA THREE STYLES OF POLITICS' ABSTRUCT Yusuf Akçura’s, 'Three Styles of Politics' article questions in the quest for policy that Ottoman Empire in the political impasse must be followed. Pan-Islamism was defended as an ideology which could ensure the unity of state against the failure of Ottomanism. Pan-Islamism came to the fore in Turkish Political Life as a stage of Three Policies written by Yusuf Akçura in 1904.

These developments directed Intelligentsia to find solutions and consequently, many stream of thoughts like Pan-Islamism arose as a liberation ideology in the 19th century. Yusuf Akura, 1904te yaymlad Tarz- Siyaset adl makalesinde Osmanlclk, slamclk ve Trklk diye. With this situation being progressively obvious in the 18th century, a series of various political and legal attempts such as The Rescript of Gulhane, Royal Edict of Reform, The Ottoman Basic Law were initiated to ensure political association in the 19th century.

Abstract: Ottoman Empire started to regress particularly in the fields of military, science and technology against Western countries in the 17th century.

Üç Tarz-ı Siyaset by Yusuf Akçura